Vitamin D and respiratory infection in a rare genetic disorder. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author(s): Ghazala S. Virk, Yusuf A. Siddique, Sarah Hack, Achbari Samia, Hemamalini Anand Murugesan, Huseyin Erdem Ak, Dinesh Aravind Rongali, Yousif Jihad, Manaswi Modali, Sana Afzal

Background:

Vitamin D supplementation has been proposed as a capacity intervention to reduce respiratory infections. However, the evidence remains inconsistent across diverse populations and settings. This systematic review and meta-evaluation aimed to assess the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in decreasing contamination occurrence, infection length, hospitalization charges, and upper respiratory infection (URI) severity.

Methods:

A complete search of digital databases identified 4,597 articles, of which 16 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses were carried out the usage of RevMan, and heterogeneity was assessed the use of the I² statistic. The hazard of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane ROB 2 tool.

Results:

1. Infection Incidence: The pooled threat ratio (RR) for contamination prevalence changed into 0.93 (95% CI: 0.83–1.03; p = 0.15), suggesting a non-large 7% discount in risk. Significant heterogeneity changed into found (I² = 77%).

2. Infection Duration: The standardized suggest difference (SMD) for contamination duration was 0.23 (95% CI: -0.49 to 0.94; p = 0.53), with extensive heterogeneity (I² = 83%).

3. Hospitalization Rates: The RR for hospitalization because of respiratory infections became 0.83 (95% CI: 0.56–1.21; p = 0.32), without heterogeneity (I² = 0%).

4. URI Severity: The pooled SMD for URI severity was -0.32 (95% CI: -1.17 to 0.52; p = 0.45), with slight heterogeneity (I² = 70%).

The normal threat of booklet bias became low, even though variability throughout research became obtrusive.

Conclusions:

Vitamin D supplementation demonstrated a protective trend towards breathing infections, but didn't attain statistical significance in outcomes. Significant heterogeneity in contamination prevalence and duration highlights the need for similarly research to clarify its efficacy and become aware of populations most probably to benefit. Standardized methodologies and rigorous trial designs are critical to better understand the function of nutrition D in respiration contamination prevention.