Traumatic Brain Injury And Its Findings On Computed Tomography; A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience

Author(s): : Dr. Mst. Maksuda Khatun, Dr. Mohammad Shahin Akter, Dr. Salma Shahnawaz Parvin, Dr. Md. Towrit Reza

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a form of acquired brain injury, occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain. TBI can result when the head suddenly and violently hits an object, or when an object pierces the skull and enters brain tissue. It remains the most common cause of death following trauma, with particularly high mortality and morbidity in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) like Bangladesh. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on computed tomography in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College (BSMMC), Faridpur, Bangladesh.

Methods: It is a retrospective cross-sectional study, a total of 147 patients had head injuries who were admitted to the Department of Radiology and Imaging from January 2021 to December 2021 in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College (BSMMC), Faridpur, Bangladesh. Patients included in this study were those who met the inclusion criteria. Data was collected from emergency departments with consent.

Result: A total of 147 patients were enrolled and analyzed in this retrospective cross-sectional study. In this study, most of the 55(37.41%) patients were from the age group 1-14 years and only 12(8.16%) patients were aged above 65 years. According to the CT scan finding, 82% of patients had a scalp hematoma, 65(44.22%) patients had normal pain, almost 30% of patients had skull fractures and only 4% of patients had inflammatory changes. In this study, 94(63.95%) patients fell from height and 53(36.05%) patients had an accidental case.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the prevalence of percentage of non-hemorrhage contusions and extradural hematoma have almost an equivalent frequency. Males have a higher rate of intracranial hemorrhage than females. Patients who have been in road traffic accidents \have a higher risk of developing a scalp hematoma than those who have had other types of traumatic injuries.