Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus with Their Susceptibility Pattern and Their Association of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Gene in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Author(s): Rehana Khatun, Sk. Shehab Hasan, Nazma Khatun, Shahida Akter
Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a substantial public health problem worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality. The emergence and spread of MRSA has made infection control intervention and treatment challenging.
Objective: The study aimed to observe the Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with their susceptibility pattern and also their association of panton-valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene, in BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitations in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders) hospital in Bangladesh.
Methods: This Study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Medical College from September 2018 to February 2019. Total 198 S. aureus were isolated from the pus, wound swab, blood and urine samples of the hospitalized patients, which were collected from the Department of Microbiology, BIRDEM Hospital.Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method using Muller Hinton agar plates. Detection of MRSA by Cefoxitin disc diffusion test. Isolated MRSA were genotypically confirmed by detection of mecA gene and association of PVL gene was also detected by PCR. Statistical evaluation of the results used to be got via the use of a window-based computer software program devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-24).
Result: A total 198 S.aureus was collected from pus, wound swab, blood and urine samples. Most of the MRSA were isolated from pus and wound swab 92.04% (81/88) and most of the mecA and PVL positive samples were isolated from wound swab 85.71% (6/7). In case of seven PVL positive MRSA showed all are resistance to cefoxitin, cephalexin, amoxiclav, and erythromycin followed by six were resistance to clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, five were resistance to cotrimoxazole. All S.aureus were 100% sensitive to vancomycin and showed higher sensitivity pattern in fusidic acid, amikacin and netilmicin.
Conclusions: Prevalence of MRSA, their antibiotic resistance pattern as well as molecular characteristics significantly changing. Constant surveillance should be maintained to prevent transmissions and may allow development of regional strategies for rational antibiotic use