Nasal Carriage Rate of Staphylococcus Aureus and Risk Factors among Healthcare Workers and Attendants of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in a Tertiary Care Centre in Bangladesh

Author(s): Sadeka Choudhury Moni, Md. Nazmus Sihan, Debashish Saha, Shahana Akter, M. A. Mannan, Mohammod Shahidullah

Introduction: Newborn acquires Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from adult sources. There are limited data on Staphylococcus aureus carriage rate among health care workers (HCWs) and other adult contacts in Bangladesh.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization among HCWs and mothers/caregivers attending neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), to evaluate antibiotic sensitivity pattern of identified organism and to study the risk factors of carriage among the study groups.

Methods: This is a cross sectional observational study conducted in NICU, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2017 to December 2018 among health care workers, other staffs and mothers/family members with access to NICU. The inclusion criteria were all doctors, nurses and other staffs of NICU and mothers/family members caring the admitted newborn and consented to participate in the study. Nasal swab was collected aseptically using sterile cotton swab by the trained research assistant from both the nostrils following standard procedure and was sent immediately to microbiology lab for isolation and identification of Staphylococcus strain following standard procedure and drug susceptibility testing. IBM SPSS software package version 20 was used to analyse all collected data.

Results: Nasal swab were tested from 250 participants; 49.6% were mothers/family members and 50.4% were HCWs of different categories. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 18.4% of the participants. Among HCWs Staphylococcus carriage rate was 20.6% and among mother/family members carriage rate was 16.1%. There was no MRSA isolate. The isolated organisms are least sensitive to commonly used oral antibiotics, the present study did not find any risk factors for colon

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