Macrosomic Infants of Diabetic and Non-diabetic Pregnant Women

Author(s): Hameed Rekani, Nazdar Raouf

Background: Macrosomia is defined as a birth weight above the 90th percentile for gestational age. Macrosomic infants associated with neonatal morbidities and admissions to the neonatal intensive care unit,also is associated with maternal complications such as cesarean delivery, postpartum hemorrhage and trauma.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the neonatal outcomes of macrosomic babies for both pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and without the disease.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conduc- ted at the Duhok Obstetrics and Gynecology Teaching Hospital, Hive Pediatrics Teaching Hospital, and Kurdistan Private Hospital in Iraqi Kurdistan between March 2017 and March 2021. The study included hundred pregnant women, they were divided into two groups; first group (Diabetic mothers) included pregnant women who had gestational diabetes mellitus, second group (Non- Diabetic mothers) included pregnant women who had not the disease. Both groups were included their macrocosmic babies. Both groups were compared regarding a baseline characteristics and neonatal outcomes. The data were statistically analyzed using a software package, current versions IBM (SPSS) Statistic.

Results: During the study period, from March 2017 to March 2021,fourty pregnant women who had gestational diabetes mellitus were compared with the sixty pregnant women who had not the disease. pregnant women who had gestational diabetes mellitus had lower parity than non-diabetic mothers, more likely to smoke, more often obese, and more had a history of previous cesarean delivery. Elective cesarean section was more in diabetic group than non-diabetic group. The majority of newborns for both group were male babies. All macrocosmic babies were examine by neonatologist. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission was more for diabetic group than non-diabetic group.