Intramuscular Injections Over Clothing: An Uncommon Yet Emerging Risk for Necrotizing Fasciitis in Pakistan

Author(s): Zahid Ali Memon, Osama Laeeque, Iqra Anees Rajput, Bushra Jawaid, Sumbla Salman, Sidra Anees, Muthar Anees, Noman Ahmed Khan*

Purpose: This scientific article explores the relatively rare but emerging phenomenon of intramuscular injections administered over clothing and the potential association with the development of necrotizing fasciitis. Through a comprehensive analysis of reported cases, clinical outcomes, and underlying mechanisms, this research aims to shed light on this unanticipated complication, emphasizing the importance of proper injection techniques and heightened clinical vigilance.

Method: Patients presenting to the emergency department with necrotizing fasciitis were profiled and assessed.

Result: Out of 80 patients included in the study, male dominance was seen (62.5%). Most of the patients were administered intramuscular injection at the deltoid (87.5%), while other locations included the buttock (12.5%). Most of the patients administered intramuscular injections through clothing were over a shirt (58.8%), others included over a gown (33.3%) and trousers (10%). Symptoms started to occur in patients within 3-4 days.

Conclusion: Most of the patients had delayed presentation and a lack of awareness regarding the disease process.