Grave’s Disease: Pathophysiology of a Model Autoimmune Disease

Author(s): Marium Nabi, Rabbiya Noor, Aleena Zahid, Tuba Zulfiqar, Ammara Khalid, Samreen Ri

Grave's disease is categorized as an autoimmune disease and type V hypersensitivity. It causes the formation of IgG antibodies that stimulates the thyrotropin receptor. It is suggested that in this disease, there is hyper stimulation of the thyroid gland by different clinical researches of this disease that result in thyrocyte hypoplasia (which is also known as goiter) and hyperthyroidism. Vulnerability to factors impacting the defenselessness and triggers for Graves' infection endures, alongside a wide variety in the reaction to hostile thyroid medications, as of now at roughly half of the non-responders. This review article describes the immune genetic, pathophysiological as well as environmental aspects related to this disease. It also emphasizes new research that elucidates the new methods to help resolve this disease-however its various areas of concern still need to be explored more extensively.