Clinico-Pathological Evaluation of Carcinoma Thyroid

Author(s): Md. Nabid Alam, Md. Abdus Salam, Md. Rafiqul Islam, Md. Serajul Islam, S M Yunus Ali, Md. Nazrul Islam, Md. Jahangir Hossain

 Background: Thyroid cancer varies from well-differentiated lesions with a favorable prognosis to nearly always fatal anaplastic carcinoma. Accounting for 1% of human cancers, its global annual incidence is estimated at 0.5 to 10 per 100,000 people. This study aimed to assess the clinicopathological features of thyroid carcinoma. Methods: This prospective study at the Department of Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, analyzed 50 consecutive thyroid malignancy cases over 12 months, all confirmed post-surgery by histopathological examination. Results: The age of the patient ranged from 15 years to 75 years (mean age 36.54years) with a maximum incidence in 4th decade. Only 2 patients (2 females) aged below 21 years. Out of 50 patients, 30 patients (60%) were female and 20 patients (40%) were male with a female to male ratio 1.5:1. Presenting symptoms were neck swelling (painless or painful), pressure symptoms, (Dysphasia or dyspnea), voice change, cervical lymphadenopathy, cough and bone pain. Neck swelling (painful or painless) is the most common presentation (100%). All 50 patients were undergone total thyroidectomy and histopathological proved thyroid malignancy. Regarding the types of malignancy in this study, papillary carcinoma was the most common variety (66%) followed by follicular carcinoma (20%), medullary carcinoma (12%), and anaplastic carcinoma (2%). FNAC proved malignancy in 50 patients (100%). Conclusion: The risk of thyroid malignancy is seen in middle age. Females are more sufferer than male. The most common clinical presentation of thyroid malignancy is neck swelling. Also most common pattern of thyroid carcinoma was papillary carcinoma.